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.רוחש ספ ובנז הצקב ,םימתכ עורז ינומרע ובג .רופא-לוחכ עבצב ובנזו ושאר :יוצמ זב .םיסרודה ראשמ הנושו ,םודאה זבל המודב ההכ ספ םע ספסופמ בנז רגבתמלו הבקנל .דחא םוקמב םהב ףרפרל הברמ ,תודדוחמו תוכורא ויפנכ .םירעו הצחמל םיירבדמ םירוזא ,בשע תוברע ,םיצע םע םיחותפ םירוזא ולודיג תיב .םורדב רקיעב אצמנ ינשה ,ץראה יקלח לכב יוצמ ףרוחו ביצי ןושארה F. t. tinnunculus, F. t. rupicolaeformis ןימ תת ינש םנשי ץראב 'א ה"צ ןירדהנס ... יאזב רוכשל קפנ ... | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
F. t. tinnunculus N Africa, Europe and Middle East to Siberia and Soviet Far East. F. t. interstinctus Tibet through N Indochina and C China to Korea and Japan. Winters India, Mlay Peninsula and Philippines F. t. objurgatus S India and Sri Lanka. F. t. canariensis Madeira and Canary Is F. t. dacotiae Canary Is. F. t. neglectus Cape Verde Is F. t. alexandri Cape Verde Is. F. t. rupicolaeformis N E Africa and Arabia F. t. archerii Somalia, Kenya and Socotra. F. t. rufescens WC Africa to Ethiopia, Tanzania & Angola.F. t. rupicoluss N Angola, zaire, Tanzania to S Africa. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.30-40 cm, 140-310 g wingspan 65-82 cm.Head and tail grey, with black band on tail, outer of upperwing dark, rest of upperwing and back chestnut spotted black and pale underparts also spotted. Female generally more uniformly colored and more heavily spltted, lacking grey areas and with broader tail. Juvenile very similar to female, broader streaks below, legs and feet paler. Races separated on coloration, density of markings, tail pattern and size. Habitat.Usually open areas or moderately wooded terrains, with low or herbaceous vegetation, steppe, pastures, semi-desert also in villages towns and cities.From sea-level to above tree-line in mountains. Normally sites on which to perch, rock faces, trees, telegraph poles etc'. Food and FeedingMainly small mammals, the main prey are voles (over 90% of prey), with some mice and shrews also lizards and insects.In Mediterranean and Africa, insects may predominate or be very important. Hunts from rather low flight or from perch, carefully surveying the ground. Prey taken in air mainly insects, also birds and sometimes bats. Breeding.Apr-May in Europe and Asia, Aug-Des in Africa.Nest site variable: trees, holes in rock faces and ledges, quarries and buildings and in old nests of other birds. 3-6 eggs, incubation 27-32 days, by female, but in first nestling period only male brings food. Chicks have firs down white and second down buff grey. Sexual maturity in ferst year. Movements.Migratory in N and E of breeding range, sedentary or dispersive in rest of range.Large numbers of migrants cross to Africa, moving S to Angola and Zimbabwe. Race interstinctus migratory in most of range, wintering in China, Korea and Japan and S of India. Status and Conservation.Not globally threatened. Commonest diurnal raptor throughout much of range.Israel.In Israel two subspecies F. t. tinnunculus. and F. t. rupicolaeformis. Very common resident breeder and quite common passage migrant in all Israel. |
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