| .יתיז ןויפיפ (352 | ||||||||||
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ןיעה ינפל לוחה עבצב ןיעה ספבו ,יתיזה ובג עבצב טלוב ,ולדוגב ינוניב :יתיז ןויפיפ .תודורו וילגר .הזחה לע תוטלוב תוהכ תודוקנו ןבל ןוחגה .הכשמהב ןבלו תורעיב רקיעב רגוד .םורדב הילמיההו חרזמב ןפי דע תיתיסאה היסור ןופצמ ערתשמ ולודיג תיב .הגייטבש םיינטחמ .רידס ןפואב תליאב ,ץראב םינוש םירוזאב רידנ ףרוח רקבמו חרוא רבוע ץראב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
A. h. yunnanensis Northern Eurasia, E to Kamchatka and south to mongolia, Manchuria, Ussuriland and Japan. A. h. hodgsoni Southern Asia from Himalayas to C and E China and Honshu. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.15-16 cm, 22 g, wingspan24-27 cm. Look like Red-throated Pipit, with similar structure except for rather long forehead, receding chin, and full chest.Upperparts noticeably pale green-olive, with only faintly streaked back and plain rump. Underparts noticeably clean, with ground-color mainly white and beautifully decorated with evenly spread lines of large black spots. Face also well marked, with broad white rear supercilium and white and black rear cheek spots. Tail exaggerated of all pipits. Sexes similar, no seasonal variation. HabitatFor breeding occupies large slot in upper middle and middle latitudes, which covers nearly all corresponding part of west Palearctic. From boreal through temperate zones to subtropics.Northern race yunnanensis , spreads through coniferous taiga forest, mainly in its sparser sections and at its edges along river banks and on fringes of bogs and marshes, but also in birch woods, alder thickets, and larch groves, no higher than 1 km in north of range, but up to 3 km in Japan and further USSR. Food and FeedingChiefly insects in summer and seeds in winter. Feeds on ground amongst low herbage, sometimes in human habitations.Breeding.Jun-Aug in W Siberia. Nest site, on ground, in shelter of rock or tuft of vegetation.Nest, shallow depression containing cup of moss and grass, lined with fine grass and hair. Eggs sub-elliptical, smooth and glossy, very variable in ground color and pattern, dark brown, brown, or grey, with more or less darker brown spotting and streaking. Incubation 12-13 days, by both sexes. Movements.Essentially a long distance migrant, though birds breeding in Himalayas may winter in adjacent areas of northern India.Main southern race, hodgsoni, breeding from Himalayas E to China and Japan, winters in Ryudyu Is, Taiwan, Philippines, and the Indo-China countries, with Himalayan birds moving south into almost all peninsular India and Burma. Northern race yunnanensis, breeding from Urals to N Japan moves to much of the same area S Japan, Philippines, and parts of peninsular India. Status and ConservationNot globally threatened.Israel.In Israel subspecies A. h. yunnanensis. rare migrant and winter visitor, regular at Eilat, but irregular in the other areas of the country. |
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