| .םילגר-ךורא ןויפיפ (348 | ||||||||||
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.הפוקזה ותדימעב טלוב .ונרוזאב םילגרה ךוראו לודגה ןויפיפה :םילגר-ךרא ןויפיפ ,טלוב ןבלה וניע ספ .םימוחש םיוקב םיספסופמו םיבהבהצ םימוח םינוילעה ופוג יקלח .ךלכולמ ןבל ופוג ידיצו םינבל םינותחתה ופוג יקלח .תונבל תוינוציחה ובנז תורבא .ךורא בנזה .ףופכו ךורא ירוחאה רפוטה ,ויתועבצא ןכו הכורא ולגר תסיפ ,הבע ורוקמ דנליז וינ ,הילרטסוא ,היניקוא ,קוחרה חרזמה ךרד היסא חרזמ םורדמ ערתשמ ולודיג תיב םינותמ תונורדמב וא םיירושימו םיחותפ םיחטשב רקיעב ותוארל ןתינ .תיפורטה הקירפאבו .םיחיחצ אלו שמש יפוטשו םימח םירוזאב םיילקח םילודיג וא ,בשע ייוטע .םיירושימה ץראה יקלח בורב חיכש אל ףרוח רקבמו רידנ חרוא רבוע ץראב | ||||||||||
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Subspecies and Distribution.
A. n. richardi USSR from S-W Siberia and Altai mountains E to Sake Baykal. A. n. dauricus USSR from Yakutia S to Transbykalia and Manchuria, E to Sea of Okhotsk, Zeya river and Great Khingan mountains. A. n. centralasiae Zaysan basin and E Tien Shan, throug W-S Mongolia to Sinkiang, Tsinghai, and W Inner Mongolia. A. n. ussuriensis lower Amur area and Ussuriland through E China and Korea. A. n. sinensis China, S of Yangtze. 4 further races in S A and Philippines, 12 in Australasia, and 8-10 in Afrotropics. | ||||||||||
Descriptive notes.19 cm, 26-38 g, wingspan 29-33 cm. Largest and most heavily built pipit to occur in our zone. Noticeably large and long, rather dark, brown and buff, heavily and broadly streaked pipit, with thrus-like bill, long and strong legs, rather long toes, and exceptionally long hind claw all forming useful structural characters.Dark streaks most obvious on crown, back, and chest. Wing shows pale buff double wing-bar and tertial fringes. Tail edged white. Flight powerful, with marked undulations. Sexes similar, little seasonal variation. Habitat.Breeds extralimitally in continental Asian middle latitudes to tropics, on mainly open lowland level or gently sloping ground of steppe, grassland, or cultivated type, warm and sunny but not arid.On migration shows preference for ample low vegetation cover. Attracted to neighbourhood of water. Food and FeedingDiet mainly based on invertebrates, taken from among ground vegetation and from crevices in logs and rocks, sometimes takes flying insects by jumping up or in short flights.Breeding.All months, mainly Aug-Dec. Sings in undulating display-flight.Nest a deep grass cup, lind with softer grass, built in sheltered depression, often on bank or slope 2-5 eggs. Incubation by female 13 days. Movements.Northern races richardi, dauricus, ussuriensis, centralasiae are long-distance migrants, wintering among local races from Pakistan to Indo-China and S to Malaysia.Race sinensis of south-east China apparently moves south within China during winter. Other races of central and south-east Asian and Australasia are resident or largely so, some making altitudinal or short distance movements. African races basically resident but with some confusig suggestions of local movement. Status and ConservationNot globally threatened. Commonest in his habitat zones.Israel.In Israel subspecies A. n. richardi. scarce passage migrant and rare winter visitor in most low-lying areas of Israel. |
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